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61.
Electrically conducting fibers based on coconut fibers (CF) and polyaniline (PANI) were prepared through in situ oxidative polymerization of aniline (ANI) in the presence of CF using iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3.6H2O) or ammonium persulfate (APS) as an oxidant. The PANI-coated coconut fibers (CF-PANI) displayed various morphologies, electrical conductivities and percentages of PANI on the CF surface. For both systems, a PANI conductive layer was present on the CF surface, which was responsible for an electrical conductivity of around 1.5 × 10−1 and 1.9 × 10−2 S cm−1 for composites prepared with FeCl3.6H2O and APS, respectively; values that are similar to that of pure PANI. In order to modify the structure and properties of polyurethane derived from castor oil (PU) both CF-PANI and pure PANI were used as conductive additives. The PU/CF-PANI composites exhibited higher electrical conductivity than pure PU and PU/PANI blends. Additionally, the PU/CF-PANI composites showed a variation in electrical resistivity according to the compressive stress applied, indicating that these materials could be applied for pressure-sensitive applications. 相似文献
62.
A series of polyurethane/polyaniline/silica organic/inorganic hybrids were synthesized via the conventional polyurethane (PU) prepolymer technique. Amine-endcapped polyaniline (PANI) with low molecular weight and higher solubility was firstly synthesized. This PANI oligomer was then used together with nano-silica bearing silanol groups as chain extenders to prepare the conducting polyurethane hybrids. The polyurethane hybrids were designated as PU-xPANI-ySiO2 (x + y = 1). For comparison, the urethane-aniline block copolymer and the PU/silica hybrid were designated as PU-PANI and PU-SiO2, respectively.The structures of PU-PANI, PU-SiO2 and conducting polyurethane hybrids were confirmed by FT-IR, solid-state 13C, and 29Si NMR spectra. In nano-silica containing organic/inorganic conducting polyurethane hybrids, UV-vis spectra revealed the maximum absorption bands similar to that of PU-PANI. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that these samples are typical of semicrystalline/amorphous materials. SEM image of PU-0.5PANI-0.5SiO2 showed that PANI was dispersed homogeneously and interconnected continuously in the insulating PU-silica matrix. TGA results of the polymer hybrids exhibited higher thermal stabilities and lower decomposition rates than that of PU-PANI both in nitrogen and air. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies indicated that the polyurethane hybrids had higher glass-transition temperatures (Tg) with the increase of PANI, but lower than that of PU-PANI. Stress-strain curves for all of the polyurethane hybrids showed the elastomeric behavior of typical polyurethanes. The surface resistivity values of all hybrids were about 108 ∼ 1010 Ω/sq. and might meet the requirement of the anti-electrostatic materials. 相似文献
63.
Firas Awaja Benedicta Arhatari Elisabeth Leiss 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2009,94(10):1814-1824
Epoxy resin composites reinforced with hollow glass microspheres, microlight microspheres, 3D parabeam glass, and E-Glass individually were subjected to accelerated thermal degradation conditions. X-ray microcomputed tomography (XμCT) was used to evaluate density changes, reinforcement filler damage, homogeneity, cracks and microcracks in the bulk of the different epoxy resin composites. XμCT 3D images, 2D reconstructed images and voids calculations revealed microspheres damage, filler distributions and showed cracks in all composites with different shapes and volume in response to the thermal degradation conditions. In addition, expansion of air bubbles/voids was observed and recorded in the microsphere and microlight epoxy composite samples. In a complementary way, optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used as a novel optical characterisation technique to study structural changes of the surface and near-surface regions of the composites, uncovering signs of surface shrinkage caused by the thermal treatment. Thus, combining XμCT and OCT proved useful in examining epoxy resin composites' structure, filler-resin interface and surface characteristics. 相似文献
64.
J.M. Cervantes-Uc J.I. Moo Espinosa A. Ávila-Ortega A. Marcos-Fernández 《Polymer Degradation and Stability》2009,94(10):1666-1677
Nanocomposites prepared with segmented polyurethane (SPU) and commercially available nanoclays (Cloisite™ Na+, Cloisite™ 15A, Cloisite™ 30B) were studied using thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (TGA/FTIR). The results showed that the thermal degradation of unfilled SPU and the 4, 6 and 10 wt% hand mixed nanocomposites occurred in two stages being the first due to degradation of hard segments and the second due to the degradation of soft segments. It was also found that the thermal stability of these nanocomposites was not improved by increasing nanoclay concentration except for SPU/Cloisite™ 15A nanocomposites were a 40 °C increase was observed. In a similar manner, FTIR spectra of the evolved gases obtained after the thermal degradation of these nanocomposites were qualitatively similar to the unfilled polymer except in those containing Cloisite™ 30B where isocyanate absorptions were detected. In contrast, SPU/Cloisite™ 30B nanocomposites prepared by in-situ polymerization, exhibited higher thermal stability than the corresponding hand mixed nanocomposites. In addition, these nanocomposites exhibited the presence of carbon dioxide in the evolved gases during its second degradation stage which was not observed in the hand mixed nanocomposites. In this case, it can be said that the presence of clays in the nanocomposites has a significant effect on the thermal degradation pathways. 相似文献
65.
A kind of novel triblock copolymers of poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate)-b-poly(tetrahydrofuran)-b-poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate)s(PBLG-b-PTHF-b-PBLG)was synthesized by using bis(3-aminopropyl)terminated polytetrahydrofuran to initiate the ring-opening polymerization ofγ-benzyl L-glutamate N-carboxyanhydride(BLG-NCA).The corresponding multiblock poly(amino acid-urea)s were prepared in one-pot protocol from the chain extension of PBLG-b-PTHF-b-PBLG with MDI.The resulting triblock and multiblock copolymers were chara... 相似文献
66.
Weizhong Lv Zhongkuan Luo Wenjian Weng Hui Yang 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2009,51(1):58-62
A series of organic–inorganic hybrid coatings consisting of organic waterborne polyurethane (WPU) and inorganic nanosized
bismuth-doped tin dioxide were successfully synthesized by the in situ polymerization approach. Bi0.1Sn0.9O2 nano-powders were prepared via a new route of sol–gel combustion hybrid method using acetylene black as the fuel. The formed
nano-powders were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Bi0.1Sn0.9O2–WPU was then fabricated with isophorone diisocyanate, 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl) propionic acid and nano-Bi0.1Sn0.9O2-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) as the starting materials. Organic–inorganic hybrid coatings are always achieved with adjustable
contents of Bi0.1Sn0.9O2. The hybrid coatings with Bi0.1Sn0.9O2 loading on the glass substrate exhibited good heat insulation efficiency. The tensile strength and breaking extensibility
of nanocomposite film containing 1.0% of the nano-Bi0.1Sn0.9O2 were measured as 9.35 MPa and 248%, respectively. The transmittance of visible light was above 80%. The heat insulation of
glass coated with nano-Bi0.1Sn0.9O2–WPU hybrid was over 60 °C in contrast to the commercial blank glass. 相似文献
67.
68.
环氧改性水性聚氨酯乳液的制备及其膜性能 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以聚己内酯二元醇(CAPA)为软段,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)为硬段,环氧树脂E-44为大分子交联剂,经相转化法合成了一系列环氧树脂改性负离子水性聚氨酯(EPPU)自乳化乳液,并制备了改性水性聚氨酯的固化膜.通过FTIR、TGA及接触角、力学性能测试对聚合物结构及其膜性能进行了研究.通过原子力显微镜(AFM)观察膜表面形态和表面粗糙度.乳液粒径及粒径分布通过动态激光光散射法(DLLS)测定.FTIR分析表明环氧树脂的羟基和环氧基都参与了发应.TGA表明,环氧树脂的加入可以提高聚氨酯的热稳定性.随着w(E-44)增大,改性聚氨酯膜的拉伸强度得到改善,断裂伸长率减小.随着w(E-44)增大,乳液粒径增大,薄膜的接触角增大,改性后的PU膜表面光滑度下降,拒水性增强. 相似文献
69.
70.